Mrs. E.J. Chaggu : Sustainable Environmental Protection Using Modified Pit-Latrines

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23 Mar 2004 13:30
Unit: Wageningen University
Location: Aula (gebouw 362), Gen. Foulkesweg 1, Wageningen
Promotor: prof.dr.ir. G. Lettinga (Anaerobic Treatment Technology and Re-use of Waste Products)
Co Promotor: dr. W.T.M. Sanders, Prof. Damas Mashauri (Dar-es-Salaam University, Tanzania)

 Outbreak of fatal diseases like cholera, typhus and diarrhoea that have no sign of fast departure in Tanzania, are a result of people’s actions in secret, which produce human “waste” or excreta. The effects of these actions can be of big public concerns. Indiscriminate disposal of excreta results in contamination of water, direct/indirect contact with people through fingers, food and fluids. This urges for improved sustainable sanitation measures and care of human health and hence, this study. The main objectives of this study were to 1) carry out a socio-cultural and economic study of the sanitation conditions with emphasis on pit-latrines in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania and their interrelationships with regard to faecal sludge management, urine separation and reuse; 2) improve the understanding of the biological stabilization processes proceeding in the pit-latrines; 3) cite out proper operational guidelines for pit-latrines with respect to emptying practices; 4) come up with adapted designs and construction aspects for community on-site latrines which enable biogas collection and 5) suggest the potentials of safe re-use/recycling of sludge from pit-latrines for urban and peri-urban farming after subjecting it to some further (low-cost) treatment. These objectives were achieved through literature review, a social survey through questionnaires, a mathematical model for evaluation of the conversion processes in improved pit-latrines, a practical demonstration of improved pit-latrine and the study on pilot ecological sanitation toilets.
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